![]() ![]() Nationalism in Poland emerged in an era when Poland was occupied and oppressed by its Russian overlords. One of the early proponents of this philosophy was classical composer Frédéric Chopin, whose version of musical nationalism, as we’ll see, carried echoes of the Enlightenment – stances quite different from those of Poland’s nationalistic organizations currently. It just wasn’t quite as bad as 2017’s event, so Duda declared it a success.Ĭontemporary, “aggressive” Polish nationalism is a far cry from the nationalism of the mid-19 th century. ![]() And, as she’d feared, it was overrun by far-right neo-nationalists and marked by racist banners, burning the EU flag, and scattered skirmishes. Poland’s decidedly right-wing president, Andrzej Duda, out-maneuvered her and the parade was back on. The mayor’s cancellation of 2018’s events didn’t last for long. Warsaw’s mayor of the time, Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz, canceled the parade due to her concerns about “aggressive nationalism.” In 2017, the parade had been taken over by far-right nationalists who started fires, burned flares, displayed obscene, anti-immigrant messages, and started fights with bystanders. Who could be against a big parade, with floats and banners and a sea of flags flapping in the wind? November 2018 marked the 100th anniversary of Poland’s independence from Russia, and it was time for the annual parade and rally in Poland’s capital, Warsaw. Today a strong vein of Polish nationalism is again ascendant, but is its contemporary expression truly the same as in Chopin’s day? ![]() ![]() But, from his adopted home of Paris, he wrote music that extolled the history of the people of Poland and its nationalistic pride. The third and final version of the Transcendental Études was published in 1852 and dedicated to pianist and composer Carl Czerny, Liszt’s piano teacher, who was also a prolific composer of études.Composer Frédéric Chopin lived in virtual exile from Poland, the beloved country of his birth. They cover a wide range of moods and require mastery of a variety of virtuosic techniques. The Transcendental Études are a set of twelve highly varied and technically demanding compositions that pushed contemporary pianos (and pianists!) to the limit. Listen to the Best of Liszt on Apple Musicand Spotify. Scroll down to discover our selection of the best Liszt works featuring ten masterpieces by the great composer. The Piano Sonata In B Minor (1853) is generally acknowledged to be Liszt’s masterpiece and is a model of his technique of thematic transformation, which is also prominent in the symphonic poems. His piano works, including the Études, the Hungarian Rhapsodies, and the Mephisto Waltzes, are brilliant showpieces requiring both technical skill and expressivity. He also composed and performed orchestral music, including symphonic poems. Liszt made superb piano transcriptions of symphonies, operas, and large orchestral works of other composers, including Beethoven, Berlioz, Mozart, and Wagner. The most decisive influence, however, came from the virtuoso violinist Nicolò Paganini who inspired him to become the greatest pianist of his day and to push piano technique through previously unimagined difficulties to attain new brilliance and sonorities. Liszt was a friend of many important composers of his time, including Frédéric Chopin, Hector Berlioz, Camille Saint-Saëns, and Richard Wagner. He is best known for his virtuoso piano compositions which are amongst the most technically challenging in the repertoire. Franz Liszt was a Hungarian virtuoso pianist and one of the most important composers of the Romantic era. ![]()
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